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6/8/2006 身为中国scientists之耻这期的《Nature》Nature 441, 392-393 (25 May 2006)说到当下中国学术界的造假行为时用了这么一个词“rampant”猖獗的：“Chinese science risks being sliced up by a double-edged sword: rampant scientific misconduct on the one hand, and persecution based on false accusations on the other.”
看得好一个胆战心惊，可掰手指头一数，人家Nature也一点儿没夸张的说。远的不提了，就今年的交大“汉芯”丑闻
 AP
Fallen from fame: Jin Chen, creator of a signal-processing chip, was condemned by his university for faking data. （现在听到这名字就想吐，就像一盘菜吃完了才发现最底下有只苍蝇那种感觉。所幸当年它套着一圈圈光环炮制出炉的时候就没看好它。你这时候才捣腾出一个奔腾2级别的芯片还有什么好show的，人家Intel的奔4都已经飞入寻常百姓家几年了。就这种货色也敢拿来充当治疗国人民族自卑心理的Viagra（万艾可）？也许这么说有点儿恶毒，可当时再恶毒也没想到敢情连这奔2都是remark打磨出来的，简直是玩弄大家的民族感情。这事儿要出在日本，当事人要剖腹自杀谢罪了）清华刘辉ex教授履历造假（这主儿的手法比之上面的X芯门事件更是臻于化境，居然把别人家姓名缩写同为H. Liu发表的paper划到自己名下了，然后拿这么份履历去申请清华的教授，居然过了。唉！要是Poseidon以后找工作也能这么轻松……无聊之时倒也曾去SCI上搜过署名同为H. Yang or H. Young的前辈paper，看看有哪些牛人好冒充一把的，谁知道这梦想真就被这位H. Liu真人版抢先演绎了，明摆着抢了我的饭碗嘛。且看刘某前教授是怎么辩解的：“啊，笔误，冤枉，并非蓄意欺诈。” 天，自己在哪儿出过什么paper也会搞错？您又不是paper多得数不清的那种，总共就那可怜的10来篇还不得倒背如流，如数家珍。）
还有四川大学某副校长的涉嫌论文造假（之所以说涉嫌是因为人家川大自己调查过了，说是造假指责纯属子虚乌有。不过这种自查公正性要打上大大的问号："The recent self-investigation into alleged fraud at Sichuan University is a total joke," says Mu-ming Poo, a neurobiologist at the University of California, Berkeley, and head of the Institute of Neurosciences in Shanghai）和在大众媒体上自我吹捧。（在日本拿的PHD，现在回国了说在人家实验室期间帮人家培养了多少博士，多少癌症病人排队等着他来看病。这玩笑开大了，自己博士都还没拿到，就能当博导了？到底是人家培养你，还是你培养人家。这要是在你们川大我还相信。至于那万人排队看病说更具娱乐效果，连日本的行医执照都没有，就敢给人看病，不怕人家追究你非法行医法律责任？）
上面随便哪位，今年都在网络上被空前爆炒，于是像以前一样风头过去不了了之的惯例才没有继续。学校为了丢卒保车不得不清理门户，至于川大那位，他就是车，自然不会把自己给丢了。为这种败类而羞耻，实在不值。真正值得羞耻的是类似丑闻多到渐渐让我们麻木，而其中的当事人99%以上等风声过去还可以继续做他的教授。更加羞耻的是，在国内学术打假的中坚力量竟然是由一个远在加州的方舟子办的一个至今国内都不能访问的新语丝www.xys.org网站。大概和谐社会可以有造假，但不能有造假被揭发出来。就算要揭发也得以盖着公章的红头文件的形式，最好还带着两行XX的批示。就像上海可以有贫民区，但不能被拍到电影里，更不能被拍到好莱坞电影里，哪怕这电影把更多的镜头放在了浦东的ICBC大楼夜景上。就算拍进了电影，也不能让没有分辨是非能力的贫民区里的平民看到。
最近连续两期的Nature都有中国学术丑闻的文章，看得人气短胸闷。。也许，再看他报道几次就适应了。 3/16/2006 到底是我太累，还是我太懒，这是个问题。hypothesis A: 因为我太懒，所以劳累感的阈值较低，没干多少活就觉得累得不行了。
hypothesis B: 因为我太累，所以懒惰指数大幅上升，干活的积极性和效率急剧下降。
Proudly we announce that: A talented Cell paper addressing this issue is currently in press.
Supplementary material:
recent experimental data based on vertebrate animal model (Zebra fish, n=70, p<0.05) may suggest such a new hypothesis C.
That is， 要干的活儿真的太多，所以我太
累 。而又因为我太懒，所以要干的活越积越多，终于成了不可完成之任务。典型的正反馈。 12/20/2005 i know where the sea iscoffee-tea-water-sea-wave
the art of the lab
SDS-PAGE gel stained by Coomassie brilliant blue
btw:
Poseidon的同名电影Poseidon 将于明年上映，敬请期待。
10/21/2005 0.9999*science+0.0001*XThe comet assay, also called the 'Single Cell Gel Assay', is the technique to detect DNA damage and repair at the level of single cells. This is one of the advanced technique in the oncology. This technique was developed by Swedish researchers Östling & Johansson in 1984. This technique was later modified by N.P. Singh et al., in 1988 as Alkaline Comet Assay. Merits Of Comet Assay :
Comet Assay involves the following steps :
Comet-FISH is a technique, that combines the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet-Assay) with the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. That enables the detection of specific DNA sequences in the Comet-Assay and allows the measurement of region specific damaging rates. Comet-FISH used to detect region specific DNA damage. 9/21/2005 PyMol——Playing with molecularsCrystal structure of Tryptophan synthase alpha chain homolog BX1: a member of the chemical plant defense system 9/12/2005 It's Bio-Time. 点播节目---------------------------------------------------------------------------
More Makes More --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The effect of increasing CO2 levels on forest soils has been studied by Heath et al. (p. 1711), who tracked the movement of carbon using stable carbon isotopes. High concentrations of CO2 stimulated increased photosynthesis and plant growth but also caused a decline in the amount of carbon sequestered in the soil that was not affected by addition of soil nutrients. Microbial respiration in soils could provide a large positive feedback on the rate of increase of the concentration of atmospheric CO2, and raise the possibility that the future rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations could be higher than expected. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Puzzling Brain Genes ------------------------------ --------------------------------------------- Mutations in the genes Microcephalin and ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly associated) in humans correlate with microcephaly. Although the affected brains are much reduced in size, the detailed architecture of the brain remains. A gene related to Microcephalin is under positive selection pressures in the evolution of primate lineages leading up to humans. Evans et al. (p. 1717) and Mekel-Bobrov et al. (p. 1720) have now analyzed the evolution of Microcephalin and ASPM genes in modern humans and find that both genes also respond as though under positive selection (see the news story by Balter). Thus, unknown advantages have encouraged the rapid spread of these gene variants throughout the human population. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Message Is the Messenger --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As the days lengthen in spring and summer, plants sense the hours of daylight in their leaves and respond by initiating flowering at the top of the plant, in the shoot apex. The identity of the signal that is transported from the leaf to the apex has been unclear (see Wigge et al., Abe et al., and the Perspective by Blazquez in the 12 August issue). Huang et al. (p. 1694, published online 11 August 2005) now show that local expression of the gene FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T) in a single leaf is sufficient to cause flowering by transfecting a heat-inducible form of FT into Arabidopsis plants. Within 6 hours of stimulating a single leaf, FT messenger RNA (mRNA) appears in the shoot apex, where it stimulates transcription of genes involved in flowering and of FT itself. Although other elements may be involved, FT mRNA is an important component of the floral stimulus that moves from leaf to shoot in response to increases in day length. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Patchwork Plant Life --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The fynbos Mediterranean shrubland of the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa is one of the most species-rich plant habitats on Earth. Latimer et al. (p. 1722) find that the region's high plant diversity is associated with low migration rates and with speciation rates higher than those in the most diverse tropical forests such as Amazon rain forest. The local species abundance patterns in fynbos is a mosaic made up of centers of locally endemic plants, with little migration among them and relatively few universally rare species, unlike the well-mixed tree communities of Amazon upland rain forest. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Freeing p53 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The tumor suppressor protein p53 functions to promote cell death or apoptosis in response to stress. It acts by modulating gene expression in the nucleus and by interacting with regulatory proteins in the cytoplasm that control apoptosis. Chipuk et al. (p. 1732; see the Perspective by Vousden) provide evidence for a mechanism by which these actions of p53 may be coordinated. The product of one p53 target gene is a protein known as PUMA (p53 up-regulated modulator of apoptosis). In cells exposed to DNA-damaging agents, interaction of PUMA with the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-xL appears to cause release of p53 that was previously bound to Bcl-xL. The released p53 may then be free to activate the cytoplasmic events that lead to apoptosis. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plague Targets Its Victims --------------------------------------------------------------------------- So-called type III secretion machines are used by Yersinia and other Gram-negative bacteria to inject proteins directly into target cells. The injected effector substrates are essential factors for the pathogenesis of infectious disease. Marketon et al. (p. 1739, published online 28 July 2005) now show that Yersinia pestis, the agent responsible for plague, selects macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils for type III injection; B and T lymphocytes are rarely selected as targets. During plague, type III injection leads to the rapid depletion of immune cells from the spleen with a concomitant increase in the relative amount of injected cells. The selection of host cells with innate immune functions disables the immune system and leads to rapid progression of this invariably fatal illness. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Making and Breaking the Gradient --------------------------------------------------------------------------- To combat infection, lymphocytes must first be "enticed" to leave their organ of residence and enter the circulation. The same is true for mature thymocytes that must exit the thymus in order to seed peripheral lymphoid organs. A dominant signal for lymphocyte egress comes from sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), although it remains to be established how this extracellular lipid mediator is itself regulated to control lymphocyte trafficking. Schwab et al. (p. 1735; see the Perspective by Hla) observe that a long-established inhibitor of thymocyte egress, the food colorant 2-acetyl-4-tetrahydroxybutylimidazole (THI), also inhibits lymphocyte migration and causes the accumulation of S1P in lymph nodes, which are otherwise low in S1P relative to the lymph and blood. This accumulation could be overcome with saturating levels of an essential cofactor for S1P lyase, an enzyme that degrades S1P, which suggests that THI works by preventing S1P breakdown. The maintenance of an S1P gradient between lymphoid tissues and the circulation by S1P lyase may provide a target for selective therapeutic immune suppression. _______________________________________________________________________ Copyright (c) 2005 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science. 8/17/2005 功夫力学看看人家老外是怎么研究的，果然态度决定一切…… 高一物理，最后一个式子里还少了个m，计算倒是对了。 一块木板才0.518kg，难怪这么容易。要是换成铺地板的木头，她还能劈断吗？ 引用 Kung Fu Science :: An Einstein Year Project 6/9/2005 Lord Poseidon 评点《Newton科学世界》某报道 2.0版原文（评点）： 电邮 英国伦敦大学国王学院的精神病 学家格伦.威尔逊领导的研究小组全天监控了1000名职员的智商变化（智商变化如何全天候监控？在人脑袋上装上电极，戴上头盔去上班？千人Lord Vader模仿秀，肯定创吉尼斯纪录了，Lucas还不得偷着乐去）。结果发现，那些忙于敲打计算机（哦！不就是Lord Poseidon现在正在干的事儿吗？）或手机键盘的人的智商下降了10分（他们总共才多少分，下降了10分还了得）。相当于一晚上没睡觉损失的智商值（原来一晚上不睡觉就有如此巨大危害啊，那一星期不睡觉Albert Einstein也成baby了），并且高于大麻吸食者损失的智商值──4分（如果一个大麻吸食者一晚上没睡觉在吸食大麻那会损失多少智商呢？10+4=14？）。而男子在调查中显示下降的智商值比女子更为显著（这条重要啊！难怪boss们都要找女秘书呢，敢情是为了保护男员工免受职业病的侵袭）。 研究认为，“信息狂”现象转移了职员的注意力。降低了生产力（这话但凡是boss没有不爱听的）。由于大脑承载了超负荷的信息量，最终导致人智商下降（小小职员简单头脑里的那点儿信息量哪儿能跟大大老板复杂头脑里日理万机相比呀，这么说boss们都是史前人类的智力水平？）。威尔逊指出，现代信息文化会导致人智力的下降（多亏了这万恶的信息文明，不然我们上哪儿知道这么里程碑式的研究成果去）。 研究发现，60%多的受访者表示对电邮和短信已经成瘾（威尔逊老先生也太落伍了，放着AOL Instant Messenger/ MSN Messenger/ Yahoo Messenger/ QQ这些罪大恶极流毒甚广的不去调查，跟Email和SMS较什么劲），半数职员能在一小时内恢复自己的电子邮件（不回复？丢了生意还想继续干下去吗，跟智商下降相比两害相权取其轻了。再怎么变傻人家这个道理还是懂的）。将近2/3的人即使下班甚至休假时，也忘时刻检查自己手机上的短信（boss有事找你敢不接？NO，随叫随到）。而有1/5的人会放弃正在交谈的对象，转而去回复自己的短信（这个习惯就不好了）。但研究结果却揭示出，人类的大脑其实很难同时应对多项任务（只是很难？Lord Poseidon的大脑似乎是单用户单任务的（节能模式下），不知道其他人的怎么样，也许有双CPU+4倍超线程+抢占式多任务+多用户的？）。如果坚持这样做，还会降低其工作效率（也就这句还像个人话，可是工作效率低与IQ下降何干？）。
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